SCI
8 October 2024
Data-driven risk stratification and precision management of pulmonary nodules detected on chest computed tomography
(Nature Medicine, IF: 58.7)
Chengdi Wang, Jun Shao, Yichu He, Jiaojiao Wu, Xingting Liu, Liuqing Yang, Ying Wei, Xiang Sean Zhou, Yiqiang Zhan, Feng Shi, Dinggang Shen & Weimin Li
CORRESPONDENCE TO: chengdi_wang@scu.edu.cn; feng.shi@uii-ai.com; Dinggang.Shen@gmail.com; weimi003@scu.edu.cn
The widespread implementation of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in lung cancer screening has led to the increasing detection of pulmonary nodules. However, precisely evaluating the malignancy risk of pulmonary nodules remains a formidable challenge. Here we propose a triage-driven Chinese Lung Nodules Reporting and Data System (C-Lung-RADS) utilizing a medical checkup cohort of 45,064 cases. The system was operated in a stepwise fashion, initially distinguishing low-, mid-, high- and extremely high-risk nodules based on their size and density. Subsequently, it progressively integrated imaging information, demographic characteristics and follow-up data to pinpoint suspicious malignant nodules and refine the risk scale. The multidimensional system achieved a state-of-the-art performance with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.918 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.918–0.919) on the internal testing dataset, outperforming the single-dimensional approach (AUC of 0.881, 95% CI 0.880–0.882). Moreover, C-Lung-RADS exhibited a superior sensitivity compared with Lung-RADS v2022 (87.1% versus 63.3%) in an independent cohort, which was screened using mobile computed tomography scanners to broaden screening accessibility in resource-constrained settings. With its foundation in precise risk stratification and tailored management, this system has minimized unnecessary invasive procedures for low-risk cases and recommended prompt intervention for extremely high-risk nodules to avert diagnostic delays. This approach has the potential to enhance the decision-making paradigm and facilitate a more efficient diagnosis of lung cancer during routine checkups as well as screening scenarios.
低剂量计算机断层扫描(LDCT)在癌症筛查中的广泛应用导致了肺结节检测的增加。然而,精确评估肺结节的恶性风险仍然是一项艰巨的挑战。在这里,我们提出了一个分诊驱动的中国肺结节报告和数据系统(C-Lung-RADS),该系统利用了45064例患者的体检队列。该系统以逐级回归的方式运行,最初根据结节的大小和密度区分低、中、高和极高危结节。随后,它逐步整合影像学信息、人口统计学特征和随访数据,以查明可疑的恶性结节并完善风险量表。多维系统实现了最先进的性能,内部测试数据集的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.918(95%置信区间(CI)为0.918-0.919),优于单维方法(AUC为0.881,95%CI为0.880-0.882)。此外,在一个独立队列中,与Lung RADS v2022相比,C-Lung-RADS表现出更高的敏感性(87.1%对63.3%),该队列使用移动计算机断层扫描进行筛查,以扩大资源受限环境中的筛查可及性。该系统以精确的风险分层和量身定制的管理为基础,最大限度地减少了低风险病例不必要的侵入性手术,并建议对极高危结节进行及时干预,以避免诊断延误。这种方法有可能增强现有疾病诊疗决策模式,并在常规检查和筛查场景中促进对癌症的更有效诊断。
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