SCI
18 October 2024
Neoantigen immunogenicity landscapes and evolution of tumor ecosystems during immunotherapy with nivolumab
(Nature Medicine, IF: 58.7)
Tyler J. Alban, Nadeem Riaz, Prerana Parthasarathy, Vladimir Makarov, Sviatoslav Kendall, Seong-Keun Yoo, Rachna Shah, Nils Weinhold, Raghvendra Srivastava, Xiaoxiao Ma, Chirag Krishna, Juk Yee Mok, Wim J. E. van Esch, Edward Garon, Wallace Akerley, Benjamin Creelan, Nivedita Aanur, Diego Chowell, William J. Geese, Naiyer A. Rizvi & Timothy A. Chan
CORRESPONDENCE TO: chant2@CCF.org
Neoantigen immunoediting drives immune checkpoint blockade efficacy, yet the molecular features of neoantigens and how neoantigen immunogenicity shapes treatment response remain poorly understood. To address these questions, 80 patients with non-small cell lung cancer were enrolled in the biomarker cohort of CheckMate 153 (CA209-153), which collected radiographic guided biopsy samples before treatment and during treatment with nivolumab. Early loss of mutations and neoantigens during therapy are both associated with clinical benefit. We examined 1,453 candidate neoantigens, including many of which that had reduced cancer cell fraction after treatment with nivolumab, and identified 196 neopeptides that were recognized by T cells. Mapping these neoantigens to clonal dynamics, evolutionary trajectories and clinical response revealed a strong selection against immunogenic neoantigen-harboring clones. We identified position-specific amino acid and physiochemical features related to immunogenicity and developed an immunogenicity score. Nivolumab-induced microenvironmental evolution in non-small cell lung cancer shared some similarities with melanoma, yet critical differences were apparent. This study provides unprecedented molecular portraits of neoantigen landscapes underlying nivolumab’s mechanism of action.
新抗原免疫编辑驱动免疫检查点阻断疗效,但新抗原的分子特征以及新抗原免疫原性如何塑造治疗反应的机制仍然知之甚少。为了解决这些问题,80名非小细胞肺癌患者被纳入CheckMate 153(CA209-153)的生物标志物队列,该队列在使用纳武利尤单抗治疗前和治疗期间收集了放射学引导的穿刺活检样本。治疗期间突变和新抗原的早期丢失都与临床获益有关。我们检测了1453种候选新抗原,其中许多在应用纳武利尤单抗治疗后降低了癌症细胞部分,并鉴定了196种被T细胞识别的新肽。将这些新抗原映射到克隆动力学、进化轨迹和临床反应中,揭示了对携带免疫原性新抗原的克隆的重要选择。我们确定了与免疫原性相关的位置特异性氨基酸和其理化特征,并制定了免疫原性评分。非小细胞肺癌中纳武利尤单抗诱导的微环境演变与黑色素瘤有一些相似之处,但存在明显的关键差异。这项研究为纳武利尤单抗的作用机制提供了前所未有的新抗原分子图谱。