SCI
16 October 2024
Clinical Validation of a Cell-Free DNA Fragmentome Assay for Augmentation of Lung Cancer Early Detection
(Cancer Discovery, IF: 29.7)
Peter J. Mazzone, Peter B. Bach, Jacob Carey, Caitlin A. Schonewolf, Katalin Bognar, Manmeet S. Ahluwalia, Marcia Cruz-Correa, David Gierada, Sonali Kotagiri, Kathryn Lloyd, Fabien Maldonado, Jesse D. Ortendahl, Lecia V. Sequist, Gerard A. Silvestri, Nichole Tanner, Jeffrey C. Thompson, Anil Vachani, Kwok-Kin Wong, Ali H. Zaidi, Joseph Catallini, Ariel Gershman, Keith Lumbard, Laurel K. Millberg, Jeff Nawrocki, Carter Portwood, Aakanksha Rangnekar, Carolina Campos Sheridan, Niti Trivedi, Tony Wu, Yuhua Zong, Lindsey Cotton, Allison Ryan, Christopher Cisar, Alessandro Leal, Nicholas Dracopoli, Robert B. Scharpf, Victor E. Velculescu, and Luke R. G. Pike
CORRESPONDENCE TO: velculescu@jhmi.edu
Lung cancer screening via annual low-dose computed tomography has poor adoption. We conducted a prospective case–control study among 958 individuals eligible for lung cancer screening to develop a blood-based lung cancer detection test that when positive is followed by a low-dose computed tomography. Changes in genome-wide cell-free DNA fragmentation profiles (fragmentomes) in peripheral blood reflected genomic and chromatin characteristics of lung cancer. We applied machine learning to fragmentome features to identify individuals who were more or less likely to have lung cancer. We trained the classifier using 576 cases and controls from study samples and validated it in a held-out group of 382 cases and controls. The validation demonstrated high sensitivity for lung cancer and consistency across demographic groups and comorbid conditions. Applying test performance to the screening eligible population in a 5-year model with modest utilization assumptions suggested the potential to prevent thousands of lung cancer deaths.
每年通过低剂量计算机断层扫描进行的肺癌筛查比率很低。我们对958名符合肺癌筛查条件的患者进行了前瞻性病例对照研究,以开发基于血液的肺癌检测测试,当检测结果呈阳性时,接受低剂量计算机断层扫描。外周血全基因组游离细胞DNA片段谱(碎片)的变化反映了肺癌的基因组和染色质特征。我们将机器学习应用于碎片组特征,以识别或多或少可能患有肺癌的个体。我们使用研究样本中的576个病例和对照组数据训练分类器,并在382个病例和控制组数据中进行验证。该验证证明了基于血液的肺癌检测测试对肺癌的高度敏感性以及在人口统计学组和共病条件上的一致性。在一个具有适度利用率假设的5年模型中,将检测结果应用于筛选合格人群,表明有可能预防数千例肺癌相关死亡。
Lung cancer screening has poor adoption. Our study describes the development and validation of a novel blood-based lung cancer screening test utilizing a highly affordable, low-coverage genome-wide sequencing platform to analyze cell-free DNA fragmentation patterns. The test could improve lung cancer screening rates leading to substantial public health benefits.
肺癌筛查应用率低。我们的研究描述了一种新的基于血液的肺癌筛查测试的开发和验证,该测试利用一种经济可负担、低覆盖率的全基因组测序平台来分析游离细胞DNA片段模式。该测试可以提高肺癌筛查率,从而对公共健康产生重大益处。