SARS-CoV-2感染者母乳喂养的安全性

One important question from the outset of the pandemic has been whether a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected person's milk might be a vehicle for SARS-CoV-2 transmission. This review summarizes the most recent data on this topic.

严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒大流行一开始就存在的一个重要问题是，感染者的乳汁是否可能是SARS-CoV-2传播的载体。这篇综述总结了关于这一主题的最新数据。

A SARS-CoV-2 sIgA response in milk after infection is very common. To date, there has been no evidence that SARS-CoV-2 transmits via human milk. Though viral RNA has been identified in a minority of milk samples studied, infectious virus particles have not.

感染后乳汁中的SARS-CoV-2 sIgA反应非常常见。迄今为止，没有证据表明SARS-CoV-2通过母乳传播。虽然在研究的少数乳汁样本中已鉴定出病毒RNA，但感染性病毒颗粒尚未鉴定。

The highly dominant transmission route for SARS-CoV-2 is via inhalation of respiratory droplets containing virus particles. Other routes of transmission are possible, including fecal-oral, trans-placental, and to a much lesser extent, via a contaminated surface. SARS-CoV-2 cannot transmit via human milk. There is no evidence that infants should be separated from SARS-CoV-2-infected mothers who are well enough to establish or continue breastfeeding.

SARS-CoV-2最主要的传播途径是通过吸入含有病毒颗粒的呼吸道飞沫。其他传播途径也是可能的，包括粪-口、经胎盘，以及在较小程度上通过被污染的表面。SARS-CoV-2不能通过人乳传播。没有证据表明婴儿应该与感染SARS-CoV-2的母亲分开，这些母亲身体健康，可以建立或继续母乳喂养。